1. Tạo script backup:
1.1. Tạo script backup level 0
$ cd ~
$ mkdir backup
$ cd ~/backup (hoặc cd /home/oracle/backup)
$ mkdir logs
$ mkdir level0
$ mkdir level1
oracle@linux7 # vi /home/oracle/backup/level0.rman
#################################
# Script for backup full database dbaviet
# Created Date 13/10/2020
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/home/oracle/backup/level0/auto_dbaviet_ctl%F';
run {
CROSSCHECK BACKUP;
DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED BACKUP;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;
delete noprompt expired archivelog all;
BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DEVICE TYPE DISK INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE FORMAT '/home/oracle/backup/level0/dbaviet_%T_%d_%u_%s' FILESPERSET 10 MAXSETSIZE 80G TAG LEVEL0;
sql 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';
BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DEVICE TYPE DISK ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '/home/oracle/backup/level0/arc_%T_%d_%u_%s_%U' FILESPERSET 10 TAG ARCH DELETE INPUT;
#DELETE ARCHIVELOG UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE-2';
#sql ' BEGIN TEST_SEND_MAIL_BACKUP; END; ';
}
EXIT;
oracle@linux7 # vi /home/oracle/backup/level0.sh
#################################
# Script for backup full database dbaviet
# Created Date 13/10/2020
#su - oracle
logfile=`date +%Y%m%d`_level0.log
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
rman target / nocatalog cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/level0.rman log /home/oracle/backup/logs/$logfile
exit
1.2. Tạo script backup level 1
#################################
# Script for backup incremental database dbaviet
# Created Date 13/10/2020
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/home/oracle/backup/level1/auto_dbaviet_ctl%F';
run {
CROSSCHECK BACKUP;
DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED BACKUP;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;
delete noprompt expired archivelog all;
BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DEVICE TYPE DISK INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 DATABASE FORMAT '/home/oracle/backup/level1/dbaviet_%T_%d_%u_%s' FILESPERSET 10 MAXSETSIZE 80G TAG LEVEL1;
sql 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';
BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DEVICE TYPE DISK ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '/home/oracle/backup/level1/arc_%T_%d_%u_%s_%U' FILESPERSET 10 TAG ARCH DELETE INPUT;
#DELETE ARCHIVELOG UNTIL TIME 'SYSDATE-1';
#sql ' BEGIN TEST_SEND_MAIL_BACKUP; END; ';
}
EXIT;
oracle@linux7 # vi /home/oracle/backup/level1.sh
#################################
# Script for backup incremental database dbaviet
# Created Date 13/10/2020
logfile=`date +%Y%m%d`_level1.log
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss"
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
rman target / nocatalog cmdfile /home/oracle/backup/level1.rman log /home/oracle/backup/logs/$logfile
exit
2. Phân quyền chạy
$ cd /home/oracle/backup/
$ chmod +x *.sh
Yêu cầu phải có đầy đru các file sau:
(file swp bỏ qua)
3. Tạo crontab backup tự động trên OS, user oracle
#########backupdb_dbaviet########
Vào bằng user oracle
(oracle)$ crontab -e
20 22 * * 0,3 /home/oracle/backup/level0.sh #22h ngày thứ 4 và chủ nhật backup level 0
20 22 * * 1,2,4,5,6 /home/oracle/backup/level1.sh #Các ngày còn lại backup level 1
Sau đó lưu lại bằng phím Esc --> :wq (write and quite)
Kiểm tra lại nếu có 2 dòng như trên là thành công:
(oracle)$ crontab -l
Kiểm tra log lịch chạy bằng crontab sinh ra:
oot@ol7 log]# tail -1000f /var/log/cron
Oct 1 21:22:03 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.daily)[9660]: finished logrotate
Oct 1 21:22:03 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.daily)[9648]: starting man-db.cron
Oct 1 21:22:07 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.daily)[9720]: finished man-db.cron
Oct 1 21:22:07 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.daily)[9648]: starting mlocate
Oct 1 21:22:09 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.daily)[9733]: finished mlocate
Oct 1 21:22:09 ol7 anacron[4831]: Job `cron.daily' terminated (produced output)
Oct 1 21:30:01 ol7 CROND[11327]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1)
Oct 1 21:40:01 ol7 CROND[13559]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1)
Oct 1 21:42:03 ol7 anacron[4831]: Job `cron.weekly' started
Oct 1 21:42:03 ol7 anacron[4831]: Job `cron.weekly' terminated
Oct 1 21:42:03 ol7 anacron[4831]: Normal exit (2 jobs run)
Oct 1 21:50:01 ol7 CROND[15624]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1)
Oct 1 22:00:01 ol7 CROND[17775]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1)
Oct 1 22:01:01 ol7 CROND[17980]: (root) CMD (run-parts /etc/cron.hourly)
Oct 1 22:01:01 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.hourly)[17980]: starting 0anacron
Oct 1 22:01:01 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.hourly)[17996]: finished 0anacron
Oct 1 22:01:01 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.hourly)[17980]: starting mcelog.cron
Oct 1 22:01:01 ol7 run-parts(/etc/cron.hourly)[18002]: finished mcelog.cron
Oct 1 22:10:01 ol7 CROND[19960]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1)
Oct 1 22:15:36 ol7 crontab[21130]: (oracle) BEGIN EDIT (oracle)
Oct 1 22:15:48 ol7 crontab[21130]: (oracle) REPLACE (oracle)
Oct 1 22:15:48 ol7 crontab[21130]: (oracle) END EDIT (oracle)
Oct 1 22:15:52 ol7 crontab[21188]: (oracle) LIST (oracle)
Oct 1 22:17:08 ol7 crontab[21516]: (oracle) BEGIN EDIT (oracle)
Oct 1 22:17:18 ol7 crontab[21516]: (oracle) REPLACE (oracle)
Oct 1 22:17:18 ol7 crontab[21516]: (oracle) END EDIT (oracle)
Oct 1 22:18:01 ol7 crond[3184]: (oracle) RELOAD (/var/spool/cron/oracle)
Oct 1 22:20:01 ol7 CROND[22178]: (root) CMD (/usr/lib64/sa/sa1 1 1)
Oct 1 22:20:01 ol7 CROND[22179]: (oracle) CMD (/home/oracle/backup/level1.sh #C\303\241ng\303\240c\303\262?i backup level 1)
Oct 1 22:20:47 ol7 crontab[22437]: (oracle) LIST (oracle)
Oct 1 22:20:58 ol7 crontab[22469]: (oracle) BEGIN EDIT (oracle)
Oct 1 22:21:14 ol7 crontab[22469]: (oracle) REPLACE (oracle)
Oct 1 22:21:14 ol7 crontab[22469]: (oracle) END EDIT (oracle)
Oct 1 22:21:22 ol7 crontab[22533]: (oracle) LIST (oracle)
Oct 1 22:21:36 ol7 crontab[22583]: (oracle) LIST (oracle)
Oct 1 22:22:01 ol7 crond[3184]: (oracle) RELOAD (/var/spool/cron/oracle)
4. Kiểm tra lại bản backup
RMAN > list backup;
RMAN> list backup summary;
RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;
RMAN> list backup of controlfile;
SQL> select command_id, start_time, end_time, status,INPUT_TYPE, input_bytes_display, output_bytes_display, time_taken_display, round(compression_ratio,2) RATIO , input_bytes_per_sec_display, output_bytes_per_sec_display
from v$rman_backup_job_details
where trunc(end_time)>=trunc(sysdate-120)
order by end_time desc;
Trong đó:
- Start_time: là thời gian bắt đầu chạy backup
- End_Time: Thời gian kết thúc backup
- Status: Completed là hoàn thành (nếu lỗi báo Fail, còn 1 trạng thái nữa là Completed with warning, check kỹ warning)
- Input_type: DB FULL, là backpu full DB
- Input_bytes_display: Dung lượng đầu vào backup 3.21GB
- Output_bytes_display: Dung lượng bản backup 2.98GB, để sizing vùng backup cần cộng các bản backup của các ngày là ra
- Time_taken_display: Thời gian backup, 00:01:01 là 1 phút, 1s
Khi có lỗi backup kiểm tra log file: /home/oracle/backup/logs/$logfile (trong dó logfile=`date +%Y%m%d`_level1.log)
5.Chạy thử backup
[oracle@linux7 backup]$ ./level0.sh
Chúc các bạn thành công.
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